Sanitary Pad Raw Materials: Key Components and Their Functions

# Sanitary Pad Raw Materials: Key Components and Their Functions

## Introduction

Sanitary pads are essential hygiene products used by millions of women worldwide. Understanding the raw materials that go into their production helps consumers make informed choices about the products they use. This article explores the key components of sanitary pads and their respective functions.

## The Core Components of Sanitary Pads

### 1. Top Sheet (Cover Layer)

The top sheet is the layer that comes into direct contact with the skin. It’s typically made from:

– Non-woven fabric (polypropylene or polyethylene)
– Perforated plastic film

Functions:
– Provides comfort and softness
– Allows quick liquid penetration
– Prevents wetness from returning to the skin

### 2. Absorbent Core

This is the most crucial part of the pad, responsible for absorbing menstrual flow. It usually consists of:

– Fluff pulp (wood cellulose)
– Superabsorbent polymers (SAP)
– Sometimes cotton or other natural fibers

Functions:
– Quickly absorbs and retains fluid
– Distributes liquid evenly
– Prevents leakage

### 3. Back Sheet (Barrier Layer)

The back sheet forms the bottom layer of the pad and is typically made from:

– Polyethylene film
– Breathable microporous film

Functions:
– Prevents leakage
– Provides structural integrity
– Some modern pads feature breathable back sheets for better comfort

### 4. Adhesive

Adhesives serve two purposes in sanitary pads:

– Body adhesive (keeps the pad in place in underwear)
– Packaging adhesive (seals individual pads)

Functions:
– Secures the pad in position
– Prevents shifting during movement
– Maintains product hygiene before use

## Additional Components

### Wings

Many pads feature side wings that fold over the edges of underwear. These are typically made from the same material as the top sheet but with additional adhesive.

Functions:
– Provides extra security
– Prevents side leakage
– Keeps the pad firmly in place

### Fragrance (Optional)

Some pads include fragrance components, though these can cause irritation for some users.

Functions:
– Masks menstrual odor
– Provides a fresh feeling

## Environmental Considerations

With growing environmental awareness, manufacturers are exploring more sustainable materials:

– Biodegradable top sheets (from bamboo or other plant fibers)
– Organic cotton absorbent cores
– Compostable back sheets
– Chlorine-free fluff pulp

## Conclusion

Understanding the raw materials in sanitary pads helps consumers choose products that meet their comfort, performance, and environmental preferences. As technology advances, we can expect to see continued innovation in sanitary pad materials that balance functionality with sustainability.