# Sanitary Pad Raw Materials: Key Components and Their Functions
## Introduction to Sanitary Pad Composition
Sanitary pads are essential feminine hygiene products designed to absorb menstrual flow while providing comfort and protection. The effectiveness of these products largely depends on the quality and combination of their raw materials. Modern sanitary pads consist of multiple layers, each serving a specific purpose to ensure optimal performance.
## Core Components of Sanitary Pads
### 1. Top Sheet (Cover Layer)
The top sheet is the layer that comes in direct contact with the skin. It’s typically made from:
– Nonwoven polypropylene or polyethylene
– Perforated plastic films
– Cotton or other natural fibers
Key functions:
• Allows quick liquid penetration while keeping the surface dry
• Provides a soft, comfortable feel against the skin
• Minimizes irritation and allergic reactions
### 2. Absorbent Core
This is the most crucial layer responsible for fluid absorption. Common materials include:
– Wood pulp (fluff pulp)
– Superabsorbent polymers (SAP)
– Blends of pulp and SAP
Absorption mechanism:
• Wood pulp provides initial liquid absorption
• SAP can absorb many times its weight in liquid and lock it away
• Modern cores use SAP-to-pulp ratios optimized for performance
### 3. Back Sheet
The back sheet prevents leakage and keeps moisture from reaching clothing. Materials used:
– Polyethylene film (most common)
– Breathable microporous films
– Biodegradable alternatives like PLA (polylactic acid)
Important characteristics:
• Must be liquid-impermeable
• Should allow some breathability for comfort
• Needs to be quiet and flexible
### 4. Adhesive Components
Several adhesive elements are used:
– Pressure-sensitive adhesive for panty attachment
– Hot melt adhesives for layer bonding
– Release paper for pad packaging
Adhesive considerations:
• Strong enough to stay in place but easy to remove
• Shouldn’t leave residue on clothing
• Must be skin-friendly and non-irritating
## Additional Features and Materials
### Wings and Side Barriers
Many pads include:
– Nonwoven wing extensions
– Elastic components for better fit
– Raised side barriers to prevent leakage
### Fragrance and Additives
Some products incorporate:
– Odor-neutralizing agents
– Aloe vera or vitamin E for skin care
– Antimicrobial treatments
Keyword: sanitary pad raw material
## Environmental Considerations
Recent developments focus on:
– Biodegradable and compostable materials
– Organic cotton options
– Reduced plastic content
– Chlorine-free bleaching processes
## Conclusion
The combination of these carefully selected sanitary pad raw materials creates products that effectively manage menstrual flow while prioritizing comfort, safety, and increasingly, environmental sustainability. Manufacturers continue to innovate with new materials and designs to meet evolving consumer needs and environmental concerns.
